Political tyranny: a comparative study between Arab Islamic thought and Western thought

Document Type : Original Article

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Doctoral researcher in political science - Faculty of Economics and Political Science - Cairo University

Abstract

The current study aims mainly at reviewing the concept of political despotism and its various concepts in Islamic and Western thought. Similarities, differences and proposed solutions were studied in Islamic thought represented by (Abdul Rahman Al-Kawakibi and Mohamed Al-Ghazali), and Western thought represented by (Aristotle and Montesquieu). Accordingly, the study revolved around the following research question: What are the similarities and differences in the concept of political despotism among the thinkers of Arab-Islamic culture and Western culture according to Abd Al-Rahman Al-Kawakibi and Mohamed Al-Ghazali, and Aristotle and Montesquieu as examples? The study employed the historical approach, in addition to using the comparative approach to find out the similarities and differences in the concept of political despotism among Islamic and Western thinkers. One of the most important solutions that limit political despotism is the separation of powers. Therefore, powers were divided into legislative power, executive power, and judicial power, while for Islamic thinkers the proposed solutions were interest in science, focus on youth, social justice for society, decentralization of power, and justice among citizens).

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